Adult CPR: Step-by-Step Technique
For adult CPR, push hard and fast in the center of the chest at 100–120 compressions per minute and at least 2 inches deep, with full chest recoil between compressions.
Quick facts
- Compression rate: 100–120 per minute
- Compression depth: at least 2 inches (5 cm), not more than 2.4 inches
- Compression-to-breath ratio: 30:2
- Attach an AED as soon as it's available
The first 60 seconds
Confirm scene safety. Tap and shout. If unresponsive and not breathing normally, call 911 and request an AED. Start compressions immediately.
Hand placement and posture
Heel of one hand on the lower half of the sternum, second hand on top, fingers interlaced. Lock elbows and use your body weight, not your arms.
When to stop
Continue until the patient shows signs of life, an AED instructs you to pause, EMS takes over, or you are physically unable to continue.
Frequently asked questions
- How fast should I push?
- 100 to 120 compressions per minute — about the beat of 'Stayin' Alive.'
- How deep should compressions be?
- At least 2 inches in adults, allowing full recoil between each compression.
- Do I have to give breaths?
- Untrained or unwilling rescuers can perform hands-only CPR for adults.
Related guides
CPR for Healthcare Providers
Healthcare providers need BLS-level CPR with team dynamics, bag-mask ventilation, and 2-year renewal. Here's how to choose and maintain the right course.
Child CPR (Ages 1 to Puberty)
Child CPR uses about 2 inches of compression depth and 30:2 (single rescuer) or 15:2 (two rescuers). Give 2 minutes of CPR before leaving to call 911 if alone.
Infant CPR (Under 1 Year)
Infant CPR uses two fingers (single rescuer) or two-thumb encircling hands (two rescuers), about 1.5 inches deep, with a 30:2 or 15:2 ratio.
Workplace CPR and OSHA Compliance
OSHA requires trained responders when medical help isn't 'near proximity.' Workplace CPR + First Aid + AED training keeps employers compliant and employees safer.